By default remote access to MySQL database server is disabled
for security reasons. However, some time you need to provide remote access to
database server from home or a web server. If you want to remotely access to
the database server from the web server or home, follow this quick lessons.
MySQL Remote Access
Step # 1: Login Using SSH (if server
is outside your data center)
Step # 2:
Edit my.cnf File
Step# 4 Save
and Close the file
Step # 5
Grant access to remote IP address
Grant access to a new database
How Do I Grant
Access To An Existing Database?
Step # 6:
Logout of MySQL
Step # 7:
Open port 3306
A sample iptables
rule to open Linux iptables firewall
A sample FreeBSD /
OpenBSD pf rule ( /etc/pf.conf)
Step # 8:
Test it
MySQL Remote Access
You
need type the following commands which will allow remote connections.
Step # 1: Login Using SSH (if server
is outside your data center)
First,
login over ssh to remote MySQL database server:
Step # 2:
Edit my.cnf File
Once
connected you need to edit the MySQL server configuration file my.cnf using a
text editor such as vi.
§ If
you are using Debian Linux file is located at /etc/mysql/my.cnf
location
§ If
you are using Red Hat
Linux/Fedora/Centos Linux file
is located at /etc/my.cnf location
§ If
you are using FreeBSD you need to create a file
/var/db/mysql/my.cnf
Edit
/etc/my.cnf, run:
Step # 3:
Once file opened, locate line that read as follows
[mysqld]
Make sure line skip-networking is commented (or remove line)
and add following line
bind-address=YOUR-SERVER-IP
For example, if your MySQL server IP is 121.244.254.22 then
entire block should be look like as follows:
Where,
§ bind-address : IP address to bind to.
§ skip-networking : Don’t listen for TCP/IP connections
at all. All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets. This option
is highly recommended for systems where only local requests are allowed. Since
you need to allow remote connection this line should be removed from my.cnf or
put it in comment state.
Step# 4 Save
and Close the file
Bounced
the mysql server, enter:
Step # 5
Grant access to remote IP address
Connect
to mysql server:
$ mysql -u root -p mysql
Grant access to a new database
If you want to add a new database called foo for user bar and
remote IP 202.54.10.20 then you need to type the following commands at
mysql> prompt
How Do I Grant
Access To An Existing Database?
Let us assume that you are always making connection from remote
IP called 202.54.10.20 for database called webdb for user webadmin, To grant
access to this IP address type the following command At mysql> prompt for
existing database, enter:
mysql> update db set Host='121.244.254.22' where
Db='webdb';
mysql> update user set
Host='121.244.254.22' where user='ipbtst';
Step # 6:
Logout of MySQL
Type exit command to logout mysql:
mysql> exit
Step # 7:
Open port 3306
You
need to open TCP port 3306 using iptables or BSD pf firewall.
A sample iptables
rule to open Linux iptables firewall
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --destination-port 3306 -j ACCEPT
OR
only allow remote connection from your web server located at 10.5.1.3:
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -s 10.5.1.3 -p tcp --destination-port 3306 -j ACCEPT
OR
only allow remote connection from your lan subnet 192.168.1.0/24:
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -s 192.168.1.0/24 -p tcp --destination-port 3306 -j ACCEPT
Finally save all rules:
# service iptables save
A sample FreeBSD /
OpenBSD pf rule ( /etc/pf.conf)
pass in on $ext_if proto tcp from any to any port 3306
OR
allow only access from your web server located at 10.5.1.3:
pass in on $ext_if proto tcp from 10.5.1.3 to any port 3306 flags S/SA synproxy state
Step # 8:
Test it
From your remote system or your desktop type the following
command:
Where,
$ mysql -u root –h
121.244.254.22
–p
Where,
§ -u
webadmin: webadmin is MySQL username
§ -h
IP or hostname: 121.244.254.22 is MySQL server IP address or hostname (FQDN)
§ -p :
Prompt for password
You can also use telnet to connect to port 3306 for testing
purpose:
$ telnet
121.244.254.22
3306
No comments:
Post a Comment